Treatment of Third Eyelid Protrusion in Dogs Specialized imaging tests such as computed tomography (CT) scan and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the eye, orbit, and brain.Ultrasound examination of the eye and soft tissues within the orbit behind the eye.Skull radiographs X-rays to determine the presence of a bony orbital or sinus problem.Complete blood count (CBC) and serum biochemistry tests to evaluate the underlying cause and identify any related problems.Neurologic examination to assess the presence of neurologic disease.The third eyelid itself may be examined with a forceps after application of a local anesthetic.Your veterinarian may refer your dog to a veterinary ophthalmologist for further evaluation using specialized instrumentation. Complete ophthalmic examination including testing of pupillary light reflexes, Schirmer tear test, fluorescein staining of the cornea, tonometry to measure the pressure within the eye, and examination of the interior of the eye under magnification.Complete medical history and physical examination.The condition may affect one or both third eyelids.ĭiagnosis of Third Eyelid Protrusion in Dogsĭiagnostic tests may include one or more of the following:.They may include squinting, tearing, changes in pupil size, alterations in the size or position of the eyeball, discoloration of the third eyelid, and deformities of the third eyelid. Other signs are dependent upon the cause of the prolapse.Increased prominence and elevation of the smooth inner membrane located at the inside corner of the eyelids.Presence of a mass, such as a tumor, cyst, infection or inflammation within the orbit, and pushing the eye and TE forward.Small eyes may occur as congenital birth defects or may arise from shrinkage of the eye following severe trauma or inflammation. Any cause of settling of the eye deeper into the bony socket, such as from dehydration, weight loss, or changes in the structures behind the eye.Any source of ocular (eye) pain that stimulates retraction of the eye deeper into the orbit (bony cavity in the skull or eye socket).Tumors, cysts or inflammatory diseases of the TE.The weakening of the ligament of the gland of the third eyelid with secondary glandular enlargement and prolapse (also known as cherry eye).Relaxation of the muscles around the eyeball (that work to keep the TE in a retracted position) from the use of tranquilizers, from poor physical health, etc.Decreased or loss of function of the nerve supply to the muscles of the TE and those surrounding the eyeball, from certain neurologic diseases.The causes of protrusion of the TE fall into one of several categories: Therefore, TE protrusion represents a common yet nonspecific symptom of ophthalmic disease that warrants further diagnostic evaluation. Numerous disorders affecting the eye, TE and soft tissues behind the eye can result in TE protrusion. The third eyelid is also sometimes called the membrana nictitans or nictitating membrane. The third eyelid (TE) is usually retracted beneath the dog’s eyelids and barely noticeable. Protrusion, prolapse, or elevation of the third eyelid refers to the abnormal elevation of the smooth inner eyelid that is located between the cornea and the inside corner of the eyelids closest to the nose. Overview of Third Eyelid Protrusion in Dogs
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